Category: Session 2A

Participatory Governance and Trust: The Innovation Case of Participatory Budgeting in South Korea

13/9/2017

Soonhee Kim (KDI School of Public Policy and Management)
Junesoo Lee (KDI School of Public Policy and Management)
Jooho Lee (University of Nebraska Omaha)

Participatory budgeting (hereafter PB) has been advocated by both theorists and practitioners of public administration as its adoption has become a global phenomenon. It has been addressed a policy tool for transparent and effective local governance. Furthermore, it is emphasized as a significant citizen participation program that could affect sustainable and accountable financial management at the local level. As of 2017, all local governments in South Korea are legally mandated to operate a PB system as a policy for inviting citizen participation in local budget decision-making. Focusing on the PB impact assessment data collected from PB managers in local governments, this study aims to explore how PB experiences facilitate the enhancement of “citizens’ trust in government (CTG)” and “government officials’ trust in citizens (GTC).” This research proposes a set of independent variables under the two dimensions of citizenry participatory capacity and the diversification of communication in the PB process that could be associated with CTG and GTC. The study found that the degree of PB participants’ knowledge capacity of the budget is positively associated with both the enhancement of CTG and GTC through PB implementation. Furthermore, the local government commitment to diversified communication channels for gathering citizens’ inputs during the PB process is also positively associated with both the enhancement of CTG and GTC. The paper concludes with some implications of the study findings for the delivery of effective PB implementation for enhancing transparency and sustainable development at the local level.

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Climate Change Litigation in the Philippines

13/9/2017

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Alder K. Delloro (Office of the President, Republic of the Philippines)

This paper discusses the institutional framework and regulatory governance for the environment in the Philippines. It examines the regulatory mechanisms, strategies and practices for the protection of the environment and the promotion of ecological developments in the country.

This paper looks in how the Philippines pursues climate change justice or climate justice to combat the debilitating effects of climate change. The Philippines has ranked fifth in the Long-Term Global Climate Risk Index for ten countries most affected from 1994-2013 and first in the Climate Risk Index for 2013 for ten most affected countries in the advent of Typhoon Haiyan which inflicted the Philippines with over US$ 13 billion in economic loss and 6,000 deaths.

This paper explores how climate justice in the country serves as the higher-order strategy to address the issues of climate change alongside with climate change mitigation and adaptation. Concomitantly, this paper scrutinizes the role of the Judiciary in legitimizing climate change litigation through its jurisprudential pronouncements and promulgation of rules for the enforcement of existing environmental laws. This paper therefore explains the role of the Judiciary in promoting climate justice, one that espouses the greater public interest and gives meaning to the ends of social justice.

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The Politics of Ethno-agriculture in a Bugkalot Village

13/9/2017

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Cynthia Grace Tomas Valdez (Quirino State University)
Loreta Vivian Galima (Nueva Vizcaya State University)

The research focuses on farming practices and indigenous knowledge in agriculture, the sustainability of resources through sound farm practices and the politics surrounding the implementation of these practices, as well as the power relationship between and among the key players in the agricultural village. The locale of the study is a Bugkalot Village in Quirino, a province in Northern Luzon, the Philippines. Three popular agricultural practices in the area were studied closely, from the native viewpoint: swidden farming, integrated farming and permanent dry farming. Practices on land preparation, planting, crop management, and harvesting were analyzed according to the existing network of social and political relationships between farmers, leaders and elders. The documentation of events from land preparation to harvesting and post-harvest practices through non-participant and participant observation, focused group discussion and face-to-face interviews was completed before comparisons were made, between the indigenous and time-tested practices, against modernized and mechanized farming.

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Participatory Governance and Trust: The Innovation Case of Participatory Budgeting in South Korea

Climate Change Litigation in the Philippines

The Politics of Ethno-agriculture in a Bugkalot Village

Theme A: Public Sector Transformations

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