paper presentations | innovative
Innovative methods of reducing traffic congestion: Is electronic road pricing a solution for Hong Kong?
Authors: Peter K.W. Fong
Presenter: Peter K.W. Fong, Hong Kong Public Administration Association
Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
Abstract:
Traffic congestion in central business districts has long been a problem for many big cities. The concentrated business activities and job opportunities generate large volume of peak hour traffic resulting in travel delay. The essence of the urban transport problem lies in the fact that people want to get to the same place at the same time quickly and comfortably. It is a problem of the imbalance between the demand for travel and the supply of transport services. Ob¬viously, one easy solution is to increase supply by expanding traffic capacity to meet the peak hour demand. However, the costs of increasing traffic capacity by building more roads, flyovers, or increasing mass transit services are nonetheless expensive.
In December 2015, the Hong Kong SAR Government proposed to implement Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) to alleviate road traffic congestion and planned to launch a pilot scheme on ERP in the Central District in Hong Kong. This paper will review the newly proposed Hong Kong ERP pilot scheme and theories on road pricing. It will explore and evaluate various methods in reducing traffic congestion and assess whether ERP is the best solution for the congestion problem in Hong Kong.
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Some Obstacles to Innovation In Public Sector (Study on No Breakthrough Public Sector of Palembang Local Government, Indonesia)
Authors: Andy Al Fatih
Presenter: Andy Al Fatih, Sriwijaya University
Indonesia
Abstract:
In terms of organization, the jargon public administration refers to governmental institutions. On local government level, these institutions are all the Services, bodies and offices available to do all tasks of the government to make it able to be responsible to accomplish its vision. Each institution has its own sectoral tasks in order to achieve its goals. Here lies the problems. Every office focuses only and so busy with its own objective attaintment that coordination, synchronization, and cooperation with other bodies under the same level of government – as if – had been forgotten. They show competition rather than collaboration. This atmosphere – actually – is not necessary to happen. The fact, it is a common practice. As a team in local government, this kind of ineffective situation tends to harm the stakeholders: local government as a whole, individual tax payers, and businesses. In addition, this sort of bureaucrat behavior indicates that public servants are ignorant, low quality, and selfish. They call this sectoral ego. Sectoral ego results in pains, not gains. The pains, for example, inaccountability, revenue loss, inharmony, and bad image. To prevent the unfortunate consequences, Palembang local government of Indonesia must make some breakthroughs which are ordinary for modern government to do. Palembang local government ought to guide and lead Services, bodies, as well as offices under it by telling the philosophy of local government as a team work, transfering knowledge, giving trainings, creating systems and mechanisms, implementing a good coordination, and doing controling. This paper tries to explore the obstacles of not creating breakthroughs at Palembang local government, analyze the cases, and give some recommendations for innovation.
Key words: Breakthrough, public sector, sectoral ego, synchronization, coordination, collaboration, innovation.
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Strategic Innovation On Society Empowerment To Prevent Land And Forest Fires Through Smoke-Care Village Strengthening Program In The Province Of South Sumatera
Authors: Ardiyan Saptawan, Ermanovida & Indra Yustian
Presenter: Ardiyan Saptawan, Sriwijaya University
Indonesia
Abstract:
Land and forest fires which frequently happen in Indonesia indicate that the forest management in Indonesia has not been successful. Fires keep on taking place in many places in south sumatera province. People fire the forest because they need to open new land for growing, such as palm oil trees, rubber trees, and corn seeds as well as cassava. Despite, firing forest is profitable for some people. But it harms more people. People lose very much from land and forest fires. The loss includes economic, health, and environmental aspects. Governments have made and applied various policies to avoid the fires. Nevertheless, the policies tend to be repressive rather than preventive. Therefore, although a lof of money has been spent on overcoming the fires, yet it does not result in high performance. Fires, the loss, and the harms still go on every year. Although, local and provincial governments have got support and help from the people, national, and foreign governments to solve the problems, fires are still big problems. Hence, there needs a strategic innovation in empowering society to conserve forest and land. This paper tries to evaluate the implementation of the policies on land and forest fires and propose some strategies to empower people relating to the solution of land and forest fires for the people’s prosperity and better future.
Key words: land, forest, fires, management, support, empowerment, strategy, innovation, public policy, strategy, solution, prosperity.
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The Need of Innovative Policy
( An Endeavor to Better Health Service in Indonesia )
Authors: Radiyati Umi Partan
Presenter: Radiyati Umi Partan, Sriwijaya University
Indonesia
Abstract:
Basically, the nature of making a public policy is to overcome public problems. Hence, if a policy concerning one subject matter is felt, particularly by the target group of the policy, inappropriate any more, the policy must be corrected. That kind of inappropriate policy also happens to a policy in health service in Indonesia. The policy regarding health service made and implemented by Indonesia Social Security Administrator is found unfair, especially for those who suffer from 155 kinds of diseases. It is not accomodative and aspirational to the need of the sick. On one hand, since some of the diseases are severe and therefore need some examinations and further therapies which are available at better health centers. On the other hand, the social security program does not include those further services. While, if the diseases are not promply cured, the condition of the patients lead to worse. To solve this problem, there needs a n innovative policy. This paper is trying to explore the real problems regarding this unfair health policy, making some analysis abou the problems, and proposing some recommendations on innovative policy.
Key words: better health service, unfair policy, innovativation, aspirational, accomodative, problem solving
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Testing the Financial Effects of Shared Services in Japanese Local Governments: An Empirical Analysis of Expenditure by the Japanese Partial Service Association
Authors: Yu Noda
Presenter: Yu Noda, Aichi University
Japan
Abstract:
This study clarifies the financial effects of shared services provided by Japanese local governments based on statistical data of partial service associations that are widely established across Japan. Shared service is a scheme to sustain various services using other governments’ resources. It is an attractive way for municipalities—those that have not merged with other municipalities—with severe financial difficulties to sustain services and retain their discretionary power. However, an inter-local collective action can lead to transaction costs for monitoring activities of shared service, thereby causing financial inefficiency. Although it is assumed that efficient financial management can provide shared services, the relation between shared service and financial efficiency has not been sufficiently investigated. This study analyzes some backgrounds motivating shared services and examines financial effects in Japanese shared services, referring to the discourse on shared service in the United States, Australia, and others. This study clarifies that the background for forming shared services in Japan constitutes a small population size, but large areas where the government must manage and deliver public services has a large debt. The study results reveal that partial service associations do not necessarily improve financial efficiency due to transaction costs.
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The Effects of Positive Psychological Capital on Creative Behavior of Organizational Members: Focus on Moderating Role of Innovation-Oriented Culture
Authors: Hwayeon Kim, Yu Jeong Shin, Hyun Gyu Oh & Sung Min Park
Presenter: Yu Jeong Shin, Sungkyunkwan University
Korea
Abstract:
[Abstract unavailable]
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An Exploration of Entrepreneurial Leadership, Values and Organizational Commitment: With a Focus on a Role of Public Service Motivation on Korean Civil Servants
Authors: Reginald Ugaddan & Sung Min Park
Presenter: Reginald G. Ugaddan, Sungkyunkwan University
Korea
Abstract:
Entrepreneurship has been a core interest in public administration theory and practice. The focus on entrepreneurial practices is important because it may address the increasing demand to effectively and efficiently enhance government performance. Some perceives that shifting organizational and leadership strategies towards innovative approaches may enhance or undermine individual motivation and behavior. While various studies evaluated the consequences of entrepreneurial leadership and values in the organization, the process through which they influence employees’ public service motivation (PSM) and organizational commitment (OC) has received less attention. To address this gap, the study examines the relationship of entrepreneurial leadership, entrepreneurial values, PSM, and OC. The study also argues that entrepreneurial leadership and entrepreneurial values are most likely to predict OC when it is mediated by PSM. Using the 2015 Public Sector Entrepreneurship Survey (PSES) data collected from Korean public sector employees, the study tests a partial mediation model employing structural equation modeling techniques. Results suggest that entrepreneurial leadership and values are associated with the employee’s PSM and OC. PSM partially mediated the relationship of entrepreneurial values and organizational commitment. Finally, the article points out the study’s theoretical, empirical, and practical implications and directions for future research.
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How to boost the organizational innovation? : It’s a matter of culture
Authors: Seo Rin Kim, Min Young Kim, Hyo Joo Lee & Sung Min Park
Presenter: Seo Rin Kim, Sungkyunkwan University
Korea
Abstract:
In this research, we investigate the solutions to boost organizational innovation through analyzing such major factors as Demographic factors (i.e., Age, Gender, Education, Job Tenure, and Rank), and organizational culture (i.e., Uncertainty Avoidance, Power Distance, Institutional Collectivism, In-Group Collectivism, Gender Egalitarianism, Assertiveness, Future Orientation, Performance Orientation, and Humane Orientation), applying GLOBE model to this research. In doing so, we seek to identify the impact of demographic factors on Organizational Innovation within Korean public sector. Further, to identify the effects of the variables depending on the type of agency, the current study focuses on verifying similarities and differences among the demographic factors, and organizational culture. Last but not least, we examine the effect of role as a mediator, rank on organizational innovation. To do so, we utilized survey data on Korean public employees’ attitudes and behaviors collected from March to August 2015. In addition, this study will suggest theoretical and policy implications for future research in organizational innovation within Korean public sector.
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Public Service Continuity Planning: Imperative Innovation in the “Age of New Normal”
Authors: Ebinezer R. Florano
Presenter: Ebinezer R. Florano, National College of Public Administration and Governance, University of the Philippines
Philippines
Abstract:
In the “Age of New Normal” where catastrophic disasters bring havoc to society, Public Administration must innovate to be able to restore normalcy immediately. However, the challenge becomes complicated when the government itself becomes a victim, i.e., the officials and employees are either injured, dead or went missing, building and offices are destroyed, communication lines are cut off, data and records are lost, etc. How, then, should the government prepare itself to provide continuous service in the aftermath of disasters? This paper shall discuss the nature and mechanisms of conducting “Public Sector Continuity Planning.” Known as “continuity planning” in the US, it is “simply the good business practice of ensuring the execution of essential functions through all circumstances” (US Homeland Security, 2014). Examples from the US shall be highlighted. Its relevance for a public utility, i.e., MRT3, in the Philippines shall be illustrated.
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Bureaucratic Transformation: The Case of Iloilo City’s Innovative Reforms of its Business Permit and Licensing System (BPLS)
Authors: Mary Ann T. Gumban
Presenter: Mary Ann T. Gumban, University of the Philippines Visayas
Philippines
Abstract:
In response to the call for global competitiveness of cities the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) and the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) launched the Nationwide Streamlining of BPLS Program in the Philippines and signed a Joint Memorandum Circular (JMC) and an accompanying Joint Department Administrative Order on August 6, 2010 that set standards for processing applications for new businesses and business renewals.
Iloilo City is one of the cities which took the challenge of streamlining its business permitting and licensing system. In 2012, the Iloilo City government introduced innovative reforms in its business permitting and licensing system with the aim of improving the city’s business climate. The administrative and procedural reforms constituted simplification & standardization of the BPLS Process, Computerization of the BPLS Process, Improvements in Customer Relations and Institutionalization of the system through local regulations and legal instruments issued to support the streamlined processes expected to make Iloilo City globally competitive.
This paper examined and assessed the Reformed Business Permitting and Licensing System as a bureaucratic transformation of Iloilo City towards a more globally competitive city and making it an attractive investment destination in time for the ASEAN Integration. The assessment was anchored and benchmarked on the provisions of the Anti Red Tape Act of 2007 in conjunction with the process standards set by the DTI-DILG Joint Memorandum Circular of 2010.
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Inter-Local Cooperation: Problems and Prospects in Metro-Vigan Initiative
Authors: Jack B. Isolana
Presenter: Jack B. Isolana, Mindanao State University
Philippines
Abstract:
Problems that go beyond local jurisdictional boundaries are readily seen in urban areas today. The establishment of metropolitan organizations in managing the affairs of urban growth areas has become a necessity. As a developmental strategy among adjacent and historically bonded LGUs, it requires a rules-based approach to a metropolitan body to efficiently and effectively deal with inter-LGU concerns.
The typical issues that metro government deal with include urban growth areas development, controlling urban sprawl and its effects like pollution, solid waste disposal, traffic congestion and others. This seems to be the logic behind setting-up a single authority among LGUs – to deal with inter-local concerns which cannot be efficiently and effectively solved by disjointed actions of individual LGUs.
The research examined the state of inter-local relations among the eight component LGUs of the Metro Vigan Coordinating Council (MVCC). It identified the common problems transcending the geographical boundaries of the LGUs as well as the common development potentials that can be optimized through inter-local cooperation. It highlighted the legal, institutional, and financial challenges of the Metro Vigan initiative. It offers recommendations to deepen and broaden the inter-local cooperation.
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Re-Conceiving Public Human Resource Systems Through Innovations
Authors: Rosemarie P. Lindawan
Presenter: Rosemarie P. Lindawan, Provincial Government of Ifugao
Philippines
Abstract:
Public human resources systems need to be re-conceived at these times and climes where technological changes are inevitable, where globalization is making rapid impact and where governments scramble for integration into bigger blocs of cooperation to better cope with these changes. If government is to survive the onslaught of development and take a shot at being a transformed entity, then its human resources, among other resources, will have to be primed to take on a multitude of challenges brought by a new world order.
Public human resources have to be parlayed to become a potent force in implementing innovations for a transformed public administration. Innovations in hiring of talents, training them to become relevant and sustaining the gains by motivating them to bring out their best performance for the public. Anent to this, public administration has also to put to optimum the use of available resources, to incept ideas that are attuned to the times, and incorporating these ideas into the system. New adoptive and practical ideas are the call of the day.
Thus, this article will tackle these concepts to address the matter on transforming public administration through innovations in the public human resources system in a new milieu.
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Online Productivity and Efficiency Performance Evaluation System
Authors: Sharon B. Millan & Jose Neil M. Hortillo
Presenter: Sharon B. Millan, University of the Philippines Visayas
Philippines
Abstract:
There is need for faster, accurate, efficient tracking of government personnel productivity and efficiency in processing public requests and transactions. Currently, office productivity and efficiency can be gathered through the manual logbook receiving system. Frustration usually mounts due to processing delays which are aggravated by time consumed for hand deliveries, telephone follow-ups, and manual location of documents. The processing of requests cannot be completed in the desired speed and accuracy. Hence, the need for a tracking system that would facilitate the productivity and efficiency ratio of each government Personnel. Such tracking system should also provide a information of the number of output (productivity) and the timeliness to accomplish (efficiency) of each government Personnel.
The Innovation: a document forwarding system for requests. The system will be a network-based platform wherein users shall record only documents forwarded to the next person. This tracking system will measure the productivity and efficiency of each Personnel by providing output counts and efficiency ratios. These output counts and efficiency ratios can be reliable information as to the quantitative performance evaluation of each Personnel as well as the collective average performance of the Unit which can aid decision making on performance evaluation, equitable work distribution and delegation.
Keywords: document forwarding system, performance productivity and efficiency, innovation initiative, improvement of public service
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Measuring the Strength of Correlation Between the Implementation of Farm-to-Market road Projects in an Agricultural Region and the Incidence of Public Trust Towards Government: A Study of Farm-to-Market Roads and Public Trust in Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Authors: Bon Paulo C. Bolagao, Vance Alvis Villarosa, Xavier Venn Asuncion, Carl Aaron Sebastian Garcia, Quinn Denmark Braga & Arjuna Debi Roxas
Presenter: Bon Paulo C. Bolagao,
Philippines
Abstract:
Government performance is evaluated by the citizens on the basis of their past role performance and the trustworthiness of the political actors and staff, here it is not the actual performance of the government but its perceived performance that matters. This is where public trust comes in, public trust as used in this paper is the citizen’s trust in institutions or “institutional trust” in this case the government as the institution. Thus, increasing trust in government is important in order for central and local governments to implement their policy measures effectively and to realize good governance.
Farm-to-market roads (FMR) according to the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act refers to the roads that link agriculture and fisheries production sites, coastal landing point and post-harvest facilities to the market and vital roads and highways. The implementation of farm-to-market road projects, which includes the construction and rehabilitation of farm-to-market roads (A.O. No. 04 Series of 2016, Department of Agriculture), is part of the Philippines’ agricultural development strategy to improve the production, trade and welfare of rural households and agricultural dependent areas. FMRs provide support services for agricultural and agri-based enterprises. FMRs have a distinct impact on helping agricultural regions in the area of poverty reduction, which in turn can help boost public trust.
This research revolves around the idea that the link between the implementation of FMR projects in agricultural regions and its effect on public trust towards the government is neither clear nor established. This research attempts to determine the relationship between the implementation of agricultural infrastructure projects such as the FMRs, and the improvement of public trust towards the government.
The research follows a triangulated method of data collection wherein the following methods are employed: guided surveys, a key informant interview, and a focus group discussion.
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New Public Management and the Health Sector: Impact of NPM-style Reforms on Public Hospitals -The Case of the Philippine Orthopedic Center and Dr. Jose Fabella Memorial Hospital
Authors: Carl Marc L. Ramota
Presenter: Carl Marc L. Ramota, University of the Philippines Manila
Philippines
Abstract:
New Public Management (NPM) in the public sector has become an international trend in the past three decades, pervading sectors and services such as health care which were previously insulated from the logic of the market place.
Implementing NPM-style reforms in public health care has shown differences in perception, implementation, usage and knowledge, resulting to various, even conflicting opinions about it. Divergence in core values such as service orientation vis-à-vis financial viability, and the primacy of economic discursive ways of thinking and neglect of social relations became increasingly evident. The consequences of introducing NPM, however, varies depending on the context and setting in which the health care system operates.
The paper aims to provide explanations on the challenges of implementing NPM-style reforms in the health care sector. The first part deals with the concept of health as a right and public concern, based on the experiences and conventions of American and European health systems. This is followed by an extensive literature review on the key debates on NPM and its applications in the public sector. Finally, the paper looks into the implications of adopting NPM-style reforms in the public health care by looking into the situation of the Philippine Orthopedic Center (POC) and the Dr. Jose Fabella Memorial Hospital, considered as flagship projects for public-private partnership (PPP) in health under the previous government, as case studies.
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Philippine Higher Education Institutions: An Articulation of Roles in Addressing Climate Change
Authors: Jocelyn P. Cuaresma
Presenter: Jocelyn C. Cuaresma, National College of Public Administration and Governance, University of the Philippines
Philippines
Abstract:
The paper presents an analysis of higher education institutions (HEIs) as an important sector in addressing climate change issues through carrying out their intrinsic functions of instruction, research and capacity building. The huge amount of resources, expertise and knowledge in the hands of HEIs, particularly state universities and colleges (SUCs) strongly suggest the able fulfillment of their mandate under the Climate Change Act of 2009. A desk analysis of data gathered from websites, government budgets and related resources on 115 SUCs and selected private HEIs show an encouraging amount of responses in terms of integrating climate change issues into curricula, researches, capacity building, community engagement and external linkages, with some HEIs being more accomplished than others. However, efforts remain uncoordinated, and urgency in achieving commitments is absent. Much remains to be accomplished in asserting the role of HEIs in addressing climate change issues and for HEIs themselves to monitor their own pledges to Mother Earth.
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Assessment of Comelec Programs and Policies on Voter Education: Issues and Challenges to Administrative Reforms
Authors: Rosalinda A. Albia-Radin
Presenter: Rosalinda A. Albia-Radin, Commission on Elections
Philippines
Abstract:
This paper attempts to assess/evaluate the public administration concepts and frameworks of policy environment i.c. COMELEC mandates, policies and programs on voters education and the implementation of these policies and programs and to evaluate the adequacy or inadequacy of the policies on voters education by determining the gaps. Also, to be able to recommend reform measures which COMELEC may use in improving the literacy on election – related matters.
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Promoting Community-Based Management Model in the Public Management in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Thanh Nga
Presenter: Tran Thanh Nga, National Academy of Public Administration
Vietnam
Abstract:
In the day-to-day world of public management, there always has been and there remains a contest over the types of knowledge that are relevant to decision making (Michael Hess and David Adams, 2007). From the economic and social management practices in the world, we can now see three management models: (1) the state-centralized management model, (2) the community-based management model and (3) self-management community models contract. From the name of the model, we can see the fundamental differences between them, which is the level of community participation in the management process. Practice also shows us that the model of community-based management has demonstrated its superiority in management. However, it has not been used widely and effectively in term of public policy implementation in Vietnam. This article will introduce an integrated way about how to promote community-based management in public management in Vietnam and analyze the determinants of success in applying it.
Using descriptive and multivariate statistics, the analysis is used to indicate issues that relate to the promotion of community-based management in public management in Vietnam. Firstly, the paper highlights the levels and forms of participation of the community in public management. Secondly, in terms of inter-governmental service collaboration, the paper shares some experience of Vietnam government in establishing the mechanisms of the interaction between different governmental levels. Finally, the methods to improve community-based are also illustrated in the study. Although performance measures are quite new in Vietnam, they are step by step built basing on so many criterias.
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Authors: Peter K.W. Fong
Presenter: Peter K.W. Fong, Hong Kong Public Administration Association
Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
Abstract:
Traffic congestion in central business districts has long been a problem for many big cities. The concentrated business activities and job opportunities generate large volume of peak hour traffic resulting in travel delay. The essence of the urban transport problem lies in the fact that people want to get to the same place at the same time quickly and comfortably. It is a problem of the imbalance between the demand for travel and the supply of transport services. Ob¬viously, one easy solution is to increase supply by expanding traffic capacity to meet the peak hour demand. However, the costs of increasing traffic capacity by building more roads, flyovers, or increasing mass transit services are nonetheless expensive.
In December 2015, the Hong Kong SAR Government proposed to implement Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) to alleviate road traffic congestion and planned to launch a pilot scheme on ERP in the Central District in Hong Kong. This paper will review the newly proposed Hong Kong ERP pilot scheme and theories on road pricing. It will explore and evaluate various methods in reducing traffic congestion and assess whether ERP is the best solution for the congestion problem in Hong Kong.
Powerpoint Link
Some Obstacles to Innovation In Public Sector (Study on No Breakthrough Public Sector of Palembang Local Government, Indonesia)
Authors: Andy Al Fatih
Presenter: Andy Al Fatih, Sriwijaya University
Indonesia
Abstract:
In terms of organization, the jargon public administration refers to governmental institutions. On local government level, these institutions are all the Services, bodies and offices available to do all tasks of the government to make it able to be responsible to accomplish its vision. Each institution has its own sectoral tasks in order to achieve its goals. Here lies the problems. Every office focuses only and so busy with its own objective attaintment that coordination, synchronization, and cooperation with other bodies under the same level of government – as if – had been forgotten. They show competition rather than collaboration. This atmosphere – actually – is not necessary to happen. The fact, it is a common practice. As a team in local government, this kind of ineffective situation tends to harm the stakeholders: local government as a whole, individual tax payers, and businesses. In addition, this sort of bureaucrat behavior indicates that public servants are ignorant, low quality, and selfish. They call this sectoral ego. Sectoral ego results in pains, not gains. The pains, for example, inaccountability, revenue loss, inharmony, and bad image. To prevent the unfortunate consequences, Palembang local government of Indonesia must make some breakthroughs which are ordinary for modern government to do. Palembang local government ought to guide and lead Services, bodies, as well as offices under it by telling the philosophy of local government as a team work, transfering knowledge, giving trainings, creating systems and mechanisms, implementing a good coordination, and doing controling. This paper tries to explore the obstacles of not creating breakthroughs at Palembang local government, analyze the cases, and give some recommendations for innovation.
Key words: Breakthrough, public sector, sectoral ego, synchronization, coordination, collaboration, innovation.
Powerpoint Link
Strategic Innovation On Society Empowerment To Prevent Land And Forest Fires Through Smoke-Care Village Strengthening Program In The Province Of South Sumatera
Authors: Ardiyan Saptawan, Ermanovida & Indra Yustian
Presenter: Ardiyan Saptawan, Sriwijaya University
Indonesia
Abstract:
Land and forest fires which frequently happen in Indonesia indicate that the forest management in Indonesia has not been successful. Fires keep on taking place in many places in south sumatera province. People fire the forest because they need to open new land for growing, such as palm oil trees, rubber trees, and corn seeds as well as cassava. Despite, firing forest is profitable for some people. But it harms more people. People lose very much from land and forest fires. The loss includes economic, health, and environmental aspects. Governments have made and applied various policies to avoid the fires. Nevertheless, the policies tend to be repressive rather than preventive. Therefore, although a lof of money has been spent on overcoming the fires, yet it does not result in high performance. Fires, the loss, and the harms still go on every year. Although, local and provincial governments have got support and help from the people, national, and foreign governments to solve the problems, fires are still big problems. Hence, there needs a strategic innovation in empowering society to conserve forest and land. This paper tries to evaluate the implementation of the policies on land and forest fires and propose some strategies to empower people relating to the solution of land and forest fires for the people’s prosperity and better future.
Key words: land, forest, fires, management, support, empowerment, strategy, innovation, public policy, strategy, solution, prosperity.
Powerpoint Link
The Need of Innovative Policy
( An Endeavor to Better Health Service in Indonesia )
Authors: Radiyati Umi Partan
Presenter: Radiyati Umi Partan, Sriwijaya University
Indonesia
Abstract:
Basically, the nature of making a public policy is to overcome public problems. Hence, if a policy concerning one subject matter is felt, particularly by the target group of the policy, inappropriate any more, the policy must be corrected. That kind of inappropriate policy also happens to a policy in health service in Indonesia. The policy regarding health service made and implemented by Indonesia Social Security Administrator is found unfair, especially for those who suffer from 155 kinds of diseases. It is not accomodative and aspirational to the need of the sick. On one hand, since some of the diseases are severe and therefore need some examinations and further therapies which are available at better health centers. On the other hand, the social security program does not include those further services. While, if the diseases are not promply cured, the condition of the patients lead to worse. To solve this problem, there needs a n innovative policy. This paper is trying to explore the real problems regarding this unfair health policy, making some analysis abou the problems, and proposing some recommendations on innovative policy.
Key words: better health service, unfair policy, innovativation, aspirational, accomodative, problem solving
Powerpoint Link
Testing the Financial Effects of Shared Services in Japanese Local Governments: An Empirical Analysis of Expenditure by the Japanese Partial Service Association
Authors: Yu Noda
Presenter: Yu Noda, Aichi University
Japan
Abstract:
This study clarifies the financial effects of shared services provided by Japanese local governments based on statistical data of partial service associations that are widely established across Japan. Shared service is a scheme to sustain various services using other governments’ resources. It is an attractive way for municipalities—those that have not merged with other municipalities—with severe financial difficulties to sustain services and retain their discretionary power. However, an inter-local collective action can lead to transaction costs for monitoring activities of shared service, thereby causing financial inefficiency. Although it is assumed that efficient financial management can provide shared services, the relation between shared service and financial efficiency has not been sufficiently investigated. This study analyzes some backgrounds motivating shared services and examines financial effects in Japanese shared services, referring to the discourse on shared service in the United States, Australia, and others. This study clarifies that the background for forming shared services in Japan constitutes a small population size, but large areas where the government must manage and deliver public services has a large debt. The study results reveal that partial service associations do not necessarily improve financial efficiency due to transaction costs.
Powerpoint Link
The Effects of Positive Psychological Capital on Creative Behavior of Organizational Members: Focus on Moderating Role of Innovation-Oriented Culture
Authors: Hwayeon Kim, Yu Jeong Shin, Hyun Gyu Oh & Sung Min Park
Presenter: Yu Jeong Shin, Sungkyunkwan University
Korea
Abstract:
[Abstract unavailable]
Powerpoint Link
An Exploration of Entrepreneurial Leadership, Values and Organizational Commitment: With a Focus on a Role of Public Service Motivation on Korean Civil Servants
Authors: Reginald Ugaddan & Sung Min Park
Presenter: Reginald G. Ugaddan, Sungkyunkwan University
Korea
Abstract:
Entrepreneurship has been a core interest in public administration theory and practice. The focus on entrepreneurial practices is important because it may address the increasing demand to effectively and efficiently enhance government performance. Some perceives that shifting organizational and leadership strategies towards innovative approaches may enhance or undermine individual motivation and behavior. While various studies evaluated the consequences of entrepreneurial leadership and values in the organization, the process through which they influence employees’ public service motivation (PSM) and organizational commitment (OC) has received less attention. To address this gap, the study examines the relationship of entrepreneurial leadership, entrepreneurial values, PSM, and OC. The study also argues that entrepreneurial leadership and entrepreneurial values are most likely to predict OC when it is mediated by PSM. Using the 2015 Public Sector Entrepreneurship Survey (PSES) data collected from Korean public sector employees, the study tests a partial mediation model employing structural equation modeling techniques. Results suggest that entrepreneurial leadership and values are associated with the employee’s PSM and OC. PSM partially mediated the relationship of entrepreneurial values and organizational commitment. Finally, the article points out the study’s theoretical, empirical, and practical implications and directions for future research.
Powerpoint Link
How to boost the organizational innovation? : It’s a matter of culture
Authors: Seo Rin Kim, Min Young Kim, Hyo Joo Lee & Sung Min Park
Presenter: Seo Rin Kim, Sungkyunkwan University
Korea
Abstract:
In this research, we investigate the solutions to boost organizational innovation through analyzing such major factors as Demographic factors (i.e., Age, Gender, Education, Job Tenure, and Rank), and organizational culture (i.e., Uncertainty Avoidance, Power Distance, Institutional Collectivism, In-Group Collectivism, Gender Egalitarianism, Assertiveness, Future Orientation, Performance Orientation, and Humane Orientation), applying GLOBE model to this research. In doing so, we seek to identify the impact of demographic factors on Organizational Innovation within Korean public sector. Further, to identify the effects of the variables depending on the type of agency, the current study focuses on verifying similarities and differences among the demographic factors, and organizational culture. Last but not least, we examine the effect of role as a mediator, rank on organizational innovation. To do so, we utilized survey data on Korean public employees’ attitudes and behaviors collected from March to August 2015. In addition, this study will suggest theoretical and policy implications for future research in organizational innovation within Korean public sector.
Powerpoint Link
Public Service Continuity Planning: Imperative Innovation in the “Age of New Normal”
Authors: Ebinezer R. Florano
Presenter: Ebinezer R. Florano, National College of Public Administration and Governance, University of the Philippines
Philippines
Abstract:
In the “Age of New Normal” where catastrophic disasters bring havoc to society, Public Administration must innovate to be able to restore normalcy immediately. However, the challenge becomes complicated when the government itself becomes a victim, i.e., the officials and employees are either injured, dead or went missing, building and offices are destroyed, communication lines are cut off, data and records are lost, etc. How, then, should the government prepare itself to provide continuous service in the aftermath of disasters? This paper shall discuss the nature and mechanisms of conducting “Public Sector Continuity Planning.” Known as “continuity planning” in the US, it is “simply the good business practice of ensuring the execution of essential functions through all circumstances” (US Homeland Security, 2014). Examples from the US shall be highlighted. Its relevance for a public utility, i.e., MRT3, in the Philippines shall be illustrated.
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Bureaucratic Transformation: The Case of Iloilo City’s Innovative Reforms of its Business Permit and Licensing System (BPLS)
Authors: Mary Ann T. Gumban
Presenter: Mary Ann T. Gumban, University of the Philippines Visayas
Philippines
Abstract:
In response to the call for global competitiveness of cities the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) and the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) launched the Nationwide Streamlining of BPLS Program in the Philippines and signed a Joint Memorandum Circular (JMC) and an accompanying Joint Department Administrative Order on August 6, 2010 that set standards for processing applications for new businesses and business renewals.
Iloilo City is one of the cities which took the challenge of streamlining its business permitting and licensing system. In 2012, the Iloilo City government introduced innovative reforms in its business permitting and licensing system with the aim of improving the city’s business climate. The administrative and procedural reforms constituted simplification & standardization of the BPLS Process, Computerization of the BPLS Process, Improvements in Customer Relations and Institutionalization of the system through local regulations and legal instruments issued to support the streamlined processes expected to make Iloilo City globally competitive.
This paper examined and assessed the Reformed Business Permitting and Licensing System as a bureaucratic transformation of Iloilo City towards a more globally competitive city and making it an attractive investment destination in time for the ASEAN Integration. The assessment was anchored and benchmarked on the provisions of the Anti Red Tape Act of 2007 in conjunction with the process standards set by the DTI-DILG Joint Memorandum Circular of 2010.
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Inter-Local Cooperation: Problems and Prospects in Metro-Vigan Initiative
Authors: Jack B. Isolana
Presenter: Jack B. Isolana, Mindanao State University
Philippines
Abstract:
Problems that go beyond local jurisdictional boundaries are readily seen in urban areas today. The establishment of metropolitan organizations in managing the affairs of urban growth areas has become a necessity. As a developmental strategy among adjacent and historically bonded LGUs, it requires a rules-based approach to a metropolitan body to efficiently and effectively deal with inter-LGU concerns.
The typical issues that metro government deal with include urban growth areas development, controlling urban sprawl and its effects like pollution, solid waste disposal, traffic congestion and others. This seems to be the logic behind setting-up a single authority among LGUs – to deal with inter-local concerns which cannot be efficiently and effectively solved by disjointed actions of individual LGUs.
The research examined the state of inter-local relations among the eight component LGUs of the Metro Vigan Coordinating Council (MVCC). It identified the common problems transcending the geographical boundaries of the LGUs as well as the common development potentials that can be optimized through inter-local cooperation. It highlighted the legal, institutional, and financial challenges of the Metro Vigan initiative. It offers recommendations to deepen and broaden the inter-local cooperation.
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Re-Conceiving Public Human Resource Systems Through Innovations
Authors: Rosemarie P. Lindawan
Presenter: Rosemarie P. Lindawan, Provincial Government of Ifugao
Philippines
Abstract:
Public human resources systems need to be re-conceived at these times and climes where technological changes are inevitable, where globalization is making rapid impact and where governments scramble for integration into bigger blocs of cooperation to better cope with these changes. If government is to survive the onslaught of development and take a shot at being a transformed entity, then its human resources, among other resources, will have to be primed to take on a multitude of challenges brought by a new world order.
Public human resources have to be parlayed to become a potent force in implementing innovations for a transformed public administration. Innovations in hiring of talents, training them to become relevant and sustaining the gains by motivating them to bring out their best performance for the public. Anent to this, public administration has also to put to optimum the use of available resources, to incept ideas that are attuned to the times, and incorporating these ideas into the system. New adoptive and practical ideas are the call of the day.
Thus, this article will tackle these concepts to address the matter on transforming public administration through innovations in the public human resources system in a new milieu.
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Online Productivity and Efficiency Performance Evaluation System
Authors: Sharon B. Millan & Jose Neil M. Hortillo
Presenter: Sharon B. Millan, University of the Philippines Visayas
Philippines
Abstract:
There is need for faster, accurate, efficient tracking of government personnel productivity and efficiency in processing public requests and transactions. Currently, office productivity and efficiency can be gathered through the manual logbook receiving system. Frustration usually mounts due to processing delays which are aggravated by time consumed for hand deliveries, telephone follow-ups, and manual location of documents. The processing of requests cannot be completed in the desired speed and accuracy. Hence, the need for a tracking system that would facilitate the productivity and efficiency ratio of each government Personnel. Such tracking system should also provide a information of the number of output (productivity) and the timeliness to accomplish (efficiency) of each government Personnel.
The Innovation: a document forwarding system for requests. The system will be a network-based platform wherein users shall record only documents forwarded to the next person. This tracking system will measure the productivity and efficiency of each Personnel by providing output counts and efficiency ratios. These output counts and efficiency ratios can be reliable information as to the quantitative performance evaluation of each Personnel as well as the collective average performance of the Unit which can aid decision making on performance evaluation, equitable work distribution and delegation.
Keywords: document forwarding system, performance productivity and efficiency, innovation initiative, improvement of public service
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Measuring the Strength of Correlation Between the Implementation of Farm-to-Market road Projects in an Agricultural Region and the Incidence of Public Trust Towards Government: A Study of Farm-to-Market Roads and Public Trust in Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Authors: Bon Paulo C. Bolagao, Vance Alvis Villarosa, Xavier Venn Asuncion, Carl Aaron Sebastian Garcia, Quinn Denmark Braga & Arjuna Debi Roxas
Presenter: Bon Paulo C. Bolagao,
Philippines
Abstract:
Government performance is evaluated by the citizens on the basis of their past role performance and the trustworthiness of the political actors and staff, here it is not the actual performance of the government but its perceived performance that matters. This is where public trust comes in, public trust as used in this paper is the citizen’s trust in institutions or “institutional trust” in this case the government as the institution. Thus, increasing trust in government is important in order for central and local governments to implement their policy measures effectively and to realize good governance.
Farm-to-market roads (FMR) according to the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act refers to the roads that link agriculture and fisheries production sites, coastal landing point and post-harvest facilities to the market and vital roads and highways. The implementation of farm-to-market road projects, which includes the construction and rehabilitation of farm-to-market roads (A.O. No. 04 Series of 2016, Department of Agriculture), is part of the Philippines’ agricultural development strategy to improve the production, trade and welfare of rural households and agricultural dependent areas. FMRs provide support services for agricultural and agri-based enterprises. FMRs have a distinct impact on helping agricultural regions in the area of poverty reduction, which in turn can help boost public trust.
This research revolves around the idea that the link between the implementation of FMR projects in agricultural regions and its effect on public trust towards the government is neither clear nor established. This research attempts to determine the relationship between the implementation of agricultural infrastructure projects such as the FMRs, and the improvement of public trust towards the government.
The research follows a triangulated method of data collection wherein the following methods are employed: guided surveys, a key informant interview, and a focus group discussion.
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New Public Management and the Health Sector: Impact of NPM-style Reforms on Public Hospitals -The Case of the Philippine Orthopedic Center and Dr. Jose Fabella Memorial Hospital
Authors: Carl Marc L. Ramota
Presenter: Carl Marc L. Ramota, University of the Philippines Manila
Philippines
Abstract:
New Public Management (NPM) in the public sector has become an international trend in the past three decades, pervading sectors and services such as health care which were previously insulated from the logic of the market place.
Implementing NPM-style reforms in public health care has shown differences in perception, implementation, usage and knowledge, resulting to various, even conflicting opinions about it. Divergence in core values such as service orientation vis-à-vis financial viability, and the primacy of economic discursive ways of thinking and neglect of social relations became increasingly evident. The consequences of introducing NPM, however, varies depending on the context and setting in which the health care system operates.
The paper aims to provide explanations on the challenges of implementing NPM-style reforms in the health care sector. The first part deals with the concept of health as a right and public concern, based on the experiences and conventions of American and European health systems. This is followed by an extensive literature review on the key debates on NPM and its applications in the public sector. Finally, the paper looks into the implications of adopting NPM-style reforms in the public health care by looking into the situation of the Philippine Orthopedic Center (POC) and the Dr. Jose Fabella Memorial Hospital, considered as flagship projects for public-private partnership (PPP) in health under the previous government, as case studies.
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Philippine Higher Education Institutions: An Articulation of Roles in Addressing Climate Change
Authors: Jocelyn P. Cuaresma
Presenter: Jocelyn C. Cuaresma, National College of Public Administration and Governance, University of the Philippines
Philippines
Abstract:
The paper presents an analysis of higher education institutions (HEIs) as an important sector in addressing climate change issues through carrying out their intrinsic functions of instruction, research and capacity building. The huge amount of resources, expertise and knowledge in the hands of HEIs, particularly state universities and colleges (SUCs) strongly suggest the able fulfillment of their mandate under the Climate Change Act of 2009. A desk analysis of data gathered from websites, government budgets and related resources on 115 SUCs and selected private HEIs show an encouraging amount of responses in terms of integrating climate change issues into curricula, researches, capacity building, community engagement and external linkages, with some HEIs being more accomplished than others. However, efforts remain uncoordinated, and urgency in achieving commitments is absent. Much remains to be accomplished in asserting the role of HEIs in addressing climate change issues and for HEIs themselves to monitor their own pledges to Mother Earth.
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Assessment of Comelec Programs and Policies on Voter Education: Issues and Challenges to Administrative Reforms
Authors: Rosalinda A. Albia-Radin
Presenter: Rosalinda A. Albia-Radin, Commission on Elections
Philippines
Abstract:
This paper attempts to assess/evaluate the public administration concepts and frameworks of policy environment i.c. COMELEC mandates, policies and programs on voters education and the implementation of these policies and programs and to evaluate the adequacy or inadequacy of the policies on voters education by determining the gaps. Also, to be able to recommend reform measures which COMELEC may use in improving the literacy on election – related matters.
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Promoting Community-Based Management Model in the Public Management in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Thanh Nga
Presenter: Tran Thanh Nga, National Academy of Public Administration
Vietnam
Abstract:
In the day-to-day world of public management, there always has been and there remains a contest over the types of knowledge that are relevant to decision making (Michael Hess and David Adams, 2007). From the economic and social management practices in the world, we can now see three management models: (1) the state-centralized management model, (2) the community-based management model and (3) self-management community models contract. From the name of the model, we can see the fundamental differences between them, which is the level of community participation in the management process. Practice also shows us that the model of community-based management has demonstrated its superiority in management. However, it has not been used widely and effectively in term of public policy implementation in Vietnam. This article will introduce an integrated way about how to promote community-based management in public management in Vietnam and analyze the determinants of success in applying it.
Using descriptive and multivariate statistics, the analysis is used to indicate issues that relate to the promotion of community-based management in public management in Vietnam. Firstly, the paper highlights the levels and forms of participation of the community in public management. Secondly, in terms of inter-governmental service collaboration, the paper shares some experience of Vietnam government in establishing the mechanisms of the interaction between different governmental levels. Finally, the methods to improve community-based are also illustrated in the study. Although performance measures are quite new in Vietnam, they are step by step built basing on so many criterias.
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