paper presentations | inclusive
The Model of Communication, Collaboration and Coordination (3C) in Public Administration: Case of Free Quality Kindergarten Education in Hong Kong and Implications for Policy Makers
Authors: Vincent Wong
Presenter: Vincent Wong, Hong Kong Public Administration Association
Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
Abstract:
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the significance of Communication, Collaboration and Coordination (3C) in public administration in the case study of Free Quality Kindergarten Education (FQKE) in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). With effect from the 2017/18 school year, kindergartens (KG) fulfilling designated criteria could join the Free Quality KG Education Scheme (FQKGES) to provide free kindergarten education to the public.
In this paper, the genealogy and the policy background of FQKGES would be discussed. In addition, the strategies of Communication, Collaboration and Coordination (3C) in the policy formulation process under the Committee on Free Kindergarten Education (CFKE) would be highlighted. With the illustration of 3C model, implications for policy makers would be studied. First, communication strategies bring in community involvement of relevant stakeholders. Second, collaboration strategies lead to common interests and common goals. Third, coordination strategies enable consolidated alignment in policy implementation. In summary, the paper would also shed light on the impacts of 3C in the process of public administration and governance.
Keywords: Policy, Kindergarten, Government, Education, Hong Kong
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Public Space Development for Better Public Service (Study On The Effectiveness Of The Use Of Public Spaces In Palembang City, Indonesia And Hanoi City, Vietnam, In Terms Of Sociological Perspective)
Authors: Andy Al Fatih, Dyah Hapsari, Ngo Thanh Can & Diana Dewi Sartika
Presenter: Andy Al Fatih, Dyah Hapsari, Ngo Thanh Can & Diana Dewi Sartika, Sriwijaya University
Indonesia
Abstract:
In urban area, the availability of public spaces is very important. Urban life implies rushing, messy, high tension and full of competition. In order to lower down the life tension and away from the bustle and the noise of urban, public spaces can help serving as media of relaxation, social interaction and social gathering. Besides that, public spaces are able to function as places for meeting point with friends, exercise, and others. Public spaces can be in various forms, such as, green open space or plaza which paved way and parking lot, lakes, side walks that can functioned publicly almost any time. Unfortunately, the use of public spaces, very often, is not accordance with the policy of local government. Even, sometimes the physical condition of public spaces is not feasible and improper use. Some public spaces are used for something else rather than they should be. In terms of the existence of public spaces, one aspect which is interesting to research on is the use of public spaces. For example, public spaces function as market for street vendors, as dating places especially for young people, and for crime and other misuse. This paper discusses about research on Kambang Iwak Besak Park, Palembang and Hoan Kiem Lake, Hanoi. The main focuses of this paper are: firstly, to talk about whether the use of Kambang Iwak Besak Park, Palembang and Hoan Kiem Lake, Hanoi is effective or not. Secondly, to get the description on public policy about public spaces in Palembang and Hanoi cities. Finally, it will gives some recommendations about policy design on public spaces, especially of Kambang Iwak Besak Park, Palembang and Hoan Kiem Lake, Hanoi and the use in urban area.
Key words: availability of public spaces, lower down, life tension, Urban life, the bustle and the noise of urban, effective use, public policy, function.
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Innovation Breakthroughs in Public Service (Study on Licence Service in Integrated License Office of Palembang Municipality, Indonesia)
Authors: Slamet Widodo
Presenter: Slamet Widodo, Sriwijaya University
Indonesia
Abstract:
One of the characteristics of developing countries, like Indonesia, is low quality of public service. One of the examples of the service is delivering building licence. Getting building licence from Palembang local government, in the case, from Integrated License Office, is just like a turbelent endeavor. It is very frustrating. The process is confusing. Although, in written, the requisites have been clear, but in practice, they have become blurd. Some officers in that office improvisize themselves for their personal gains. They presume the persons who need a building licence because they are going to make a building. As such, they must have much fund. So, the officers are tempted to enjoy some of the money. For that, they play in the process of acquiring the building licence. Unless do the applicants give them some money, the obtaining the building licence is hardly successful. In accordance with this situation, there must be innovation breakthroughs in public service delivery, particularly in building licence service. If there is no innovation breakthroughs, the people will be harmed. Investors hesitate to do investment, primarily foreign investors. This leads Palembang local government be a loser. This paper tries to explore the basic causes of unaccountability of the officers in Integrated License Office of in Palembang city, do analysis, and propose some recommendations for innovation breakthroughs for good quality service.
Key words: low, quality, public service, naughty officers, innovation breakthroughs, unaccountability
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Does Creative Behavior of Employees Have Significant Impacts on their Work Attitudes in Public Organization?: Integrating the Role of Public Service Motivation
Authors: Hyun Gyu Oh & Sung Min Park
Presenter: Hyun Gyu Oh, Sungkyunkwan University
Korea
Abstract:
The essential core factors to respond to the expectations of the customers in the fast-changing environment are creative thinking and behavior of the organizational members. Creative behavior has been the core driving force necessary for a variety of organizations to develop and survive. Is individual creative behavior applied equally to the mechanisms of a public organization aiming to realize the public values and attain public benefit? What does an individual's creative behavior truly mean in a public organization? Based on those questions, this study empirically analyzed influences of Korea public officials' creative behavior on their work attitudes. Specifically, this study focused on the special synergy effect depending on individuals' motivational structure by identifying how the mutually influencing relationship changes depending on public service motivation. Based on the findings of the analysis, this study aimed to provide a variety of implications on human resources management and organizational management in the perspectives of public values.
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Leading by Network: The CSC and the Deepening Role of Non-State Actors in Pushing Civil Service Reforms
Authors: Noel V. Salumbides
Presenter: Noel V. Salumbides, Civil Service Commission
Philippines
Abstract:
Since its inception, the Philippines’ Civil Service Commission (CSC) has always been regarded as the central and sole provider of sound and effective human resource management in the public sector. As one of Asia’s earliest beneficiaries of the Pendleton Act and as a surrogate child of US-sponsored civil service reforms, the CSC is mandated to promote careerism and professionalism through the adoption of multiple strategic initiatives and programs. For the last five (5) years, there has been a remarkable shift being observed in terms of repositioning of CSC as the traditional gatekeeper and regulatory agent in the development of HR practices within the bureaucracy. This shift offers a new perspective that challenges the dominant role of CSC as the single shaper of modern civil service in the country as new players coming from various sectors have started to mingle at different levels of participation and involvement – all in the name of reforming the bureaucracy and the public servants. The idea that the CSC can incorporate and transfer the perceived superiority of HR values, practices, flexibility and entrepreneurial dynamism of the private sector in reforming the public sector is slowly taking place. And this emerging shift points to the creeping intrusion of non-state actors within the CSC that prove to be bringing vital contribution in the over-all restructuring of the Commission as the chief HR entity of the whole bureaucracy. With the presence of these multi non-state actors and “supranational” institutions from the international organizations, the private sector, the academe and the civil society organizations that are actively intruding in the different affairs of the CSC, the traditional landscape of civil service reforms (CSR) is now reshaped and redefined. The old landscape is now slowly being transformed into a new arena of collaboration and partnership, suggesting a trend that the CSR which has been a monopoly of concerns for CSC, a new lens is being created that illustrates the deepening role of non-state actors in the “governance by network” being steered creatively by the CSC in the present CSR agenda.
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Action Research on Impact of Monitoring School Bullying Incidents of the School Guidance Advocates
Authors: Xeniah Caryl Dando & Sweet Mary C. Gamad
Presenter: Xeniah Caryl Dando, Department of Education
Philippines
Abstract:
The study seeks to support to DepED Child Protection Policy as School Anecdotal Record Bullying Monitoring Report Form was asked from School Guidance Advocates. The reference point is the Class Anecdotal Record, the Incidental Report was not elevated to the filling up of the Intake Sheet for it was resolved by the Teacher and a Remarks of No records of Bullying Incidents recorded/reported in the Intake Sheet is reported for the Enclosure 1A of DM 59, s. 2015 and Annex A of DO 40, s. 2012. It recorded 345 incidents of school bullying represented by not more than nine (9) schools of the two monitoring rounds observed. This study seeks to provide data background on the premise of the best possible intervention for the current situation. Qualitative Research is the method of inquiry. Convenience Sampling and Authentic Assessment Techniques was used in the data analysis from the data facts reported in the School Anecdotal Records Bullying Monitoring Report Form. It relied on submitted report of schools only. It showed that Guidance Policies needs to be strengthened as well as Guidance Supervisory Plan. Reorientation in the Procedures in handling bullying incidents is necessary. Positive Discipline for Classroom Management has a seat.
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Social Media and Active Citizenship: Engaging Government through Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube
Authors: Sheila Lo Dingcong
Presenter: Sheila Lo Dingcong, UP NCPAG
Philippines
Abstract:
Active citizenship is the vibrant and dynamic participation and involvement of the members of a polity to the affairs of the state. In the Philippines, the need for a robust civil society engagement in government affairs is imperative to sustain the gains of the struggles of the past and to further create a critical mass to push for these liberties and rights as empowering attributes to achieve decent human life. Opportunities for these engagements should not be limited to formal channels of the bureaucracy but in multiple and informal lines and network of communicating, challenging, and even defying government. With the advent of the ICT, the internet, and the rise of social media, a venue for the people to engage the state in political and social affairs has emerged. Knowledge and information transfer has now developed into multiple and circular ways of communication, sending instantaneous feedback, sentiments, and counter proposals to the government, community, the nation, and even the virtual world. Despite this, however, the question remains on how this opportunity has been effective from the people’s end. This paper presents how the use of social media heightens people’s participation in governance and public affairs.
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Strategic Local Governance in Today’s Knowledge Economy: Case of Iloilo City
Authors: Mary Ann T. Gumban, Jose Neil M. Hortillo & Mary Rose G. Rebueno
Presenter: Mary Ann T. Gumban, University of the Philippines Visayas
Philippines
Abstract:
Iloilo City has always been known as the regional center of education in Western Visayas. The pool of highly skilled knowledge workers has served as an engine of growth to expand the local economy and has attracted various international IT/BPO businesses to expand and establish offices in the city in recent years. The lack of available office space, paired with a dynamic local government and a high purchasing power of local residents have spurred the boom in the construction industry led by big named property developers establishing several township projects. These township projects include convention center, malls, hotels, condominiums, and IT/BPO offices. Once these projects are completed, employment opportunities will dramatically increase, particularly in the BPO/IT and Tourism industries.
This paper discusses how the various stakeholders – the local government, the academe and business organizations have worked together to further enhance the human capital formation in the city. This close collaboration also ensures that infrastructures are in place to attract investors and prepare local graduates and entrepreneurs to be globally competitive. Result and findings in this study served as vital inputs in creating a strategic policy agenda in developing a sustainable model for local governance, which can be emulated by other cities in the country.
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Enhancing Financial Capabilities Among Public Servants
Authors: Jose Neil M. Hortillo
Presenter: Jose Neil M. Hortillo, University of the Philippines Visayas
Philippines
Abstract:
It is often argued that poor performance of public servants and in some cases the systemic corruption in government offices can be due to the much lower salary pay among public servants compared to their counterparts in the private sector. In most cases, these issues are addressed through an incentive mechanism - such as periodic increases in salary through the salary standardization law (SSL) and performance based bonus, which are matched with a system of monitoring that allows for transparency and accountability of work. But in reality, most governments do not have enough resources to ensure regular increases on the pay of public servants and much less monetary incentives to motivate them to be productive, efficient and effective. This study examines a complementary solution to these issues – enhancing the financial capabilities of public servants.
Financial capability refers to a person’s knowledge and skills to understand his own financial circumstances, along with the motivation to take action. This would allow public servants to value the importance of leading a simple lifestyle, and to distinguish the difference between his wants and his needs. It also promotes the sense of financial security through the knowledge of savings, investments, and retirement planning, and develops the motivation to deliver quality public service.
Keywords: Financial Capabilities, Public Servants, Investments, Savings, SSL, Monetary Incentives
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Legal Bases and Issues Concerning Gender Development in the Philippines
Authors: Jessie D. Manapsal
Presenter: Jessie D. Manapsal, Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University
Philippines
Abstract:
The cry and fight for equality among humans can be seen even during the time immemorial. The sex clash between the male and female remain the problem of the society wherein the female class regarded as the weak genus compared to the male specie. The female are left to take care the menial household duties wherein it is for the taking care of the children, the husband and the family as a whole. The duties of the female class may not be disregarded because they perform one of the most important parts of molding the society for the better future as Agoncillo, 1990, “Women before the coming of the Spaniards enjoyed a unique position in society that their descendants during the Spanish occupation did not enjoy. Customary laws gave them the right to be the equal of men, for they could own and inherit property, engage in trade and industry, and succeed to the chieftainship of a barangay in the absence of a male heir. Then, too, they have the exclusive right to give names to their children. As a sign of deep respect, the men, when accompanying women, walked behind them”. The objective of this paper is to revisit and be reminded about the roles of the women in the society and how it may even further encourage professional treatment in the workplace and in the society, specifically it will look into: 1.What is the meaning of gender and development? 2. What are the legal bases that supports the program of the government for gender and development programs? 3. How may the government protect the rights of women?
The study will present the legal bases through the available data primarily government documents. The scope of the research concentrates to the rights and interest of women to compare and analyze through laws, records, and media interviews.
Keywords: Gender, Gender equality, Human rights, Protective custody, Barangay Protection Order, Temporary Protection Order, Permanent Protection Order, Economic Abuse
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Local Economic Enterprises in Davao City at Its Best
Authors: Saidamin P. Bagolong, Rosendo A. Blanco, Romalie F. Galleto & Ranie F. Dinanlagan
Presenter: Saidamin P. Bagolong, Cotabato City State Polytechnic College
Philippines
Abstract:
Best practices of and among the successful local economic enterprises are less seen as a vital component in the local development. Whereas the role of local economic enterprises in providing additional revenue to the local government is rather well-recognized, its best practices that contribute to the development of the city's economic activity is not so much explored. This study tries to evaluate the best practices of the local economic enterprises in Davao City and its contribution to the development of city's economy. It employed qualitative phenomenological research utilizing a self-made questionnaire, using purposive sampling and manual NVIVO. Findings showed that the best practices of Davao City's Local Economic Enterprise lie on an interlinked connection between the public (the vendors, stall holders and among others) and the agencies involved in the enterprise. These best practices on local economic enterprises are manifested as a city's economic cycle; meaning, while the government collects revenues from the public, the public receives from the government something in a form of social services. These local economic enterprises promote freedom of enterprise, alleviate poverty, generate income, serve as a tool for local development and promote tourism. Thus, the Local Economic Enterprises can be used by some localities in providing services to the people while at the same time earning something from it.
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Conflict Related Violent Incidents in Western Visayas: Private Sector Focused (01 January 2009 - 31 December 2014)
Authors: Eva Joy C. Palma
Presenter: Eva Joy C. Palma, Northern Iloilo Polytechnic State College- Barotac Viejo Campus
Philippines
Abstract:
This is a study undertaken as a graduate of Public Administration and in supporting the government’s effort to peace and development. The purpose of this study is to provide a latest and up-to-date data to public administrators in order that relevant interventions may be formulated in support of peace and development. This is also to provide a meaningful data to private sectors especially business corporations regarding conflict related violence within Western Visayas for them to assess the threat in specific areas for the bases of their operations. Furthermore, this aims to compile a single material that features the situation of conflict related violence in Western Visayas for the use of academe, teachers, students and any interested individual.
The result of the study indicated that from 01 January 2009- 31 December 2014, there were a total of thirty (30) reported conflict related violent incidents in Western Visayas. The study finds out that burning/arson is the primary form of violent incidents perpetrated by threat groups in Western Visayas. Other forms of violence are raid, straffing, harrassment, robberry and bombing. The highest number of incidents was in Negros Occidental which accounts to 73% or 22 of the total conflict related violent incidents and the remaining 27% or 8 transpired in Panay Island. In the 22 incidents which transpired in Negros Occidental, 14 of which were in a form of burning/arson while the remaining are in a form of raid, harrassment, robberry, bombing and straffing. On the other hand, 90% of those that transpired in Panay Island are in a form of burning/arson.
The parties greatly affected by the violent incidents are business corporations and haciendas/farms with 50% and 33% of the total number, respectively. The remaining percentage affects the communication facilities and mining facilities. Of the incidents against business corporations, a little more than 50% transpired in Negros occidental and the remaining were in the provinces of Iloilo, Capiz and Antique in Panay. Almost 90% of incidents against haciends/farms transpired in Negros Occidental. Aklan and Antique has no reported incidents.
As to year of occurrence, there is no significant pattern because violent incidents tend to rise and fall every year but it is notable that the first quarter of each year is the period where most of the violent incidents transpired. The second quarter seem to have lower number of incidents.
Further, studies are encourage to assess the effect of the conflict related violent incidents on peace and development in Western Visayas in order to accurately target future interventions that will foster peace and economic development in the area.
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Assessment of the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples' (NCIP) Implementation of the Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) Principle in the Bag-o and Kankanaey Communities in Santol, La Union
Authors: Jeannine L. Tan, Camille Austria, Camille Lea Alyssa Bugayong, Dayanara Fernandez, Peter Renzo Olegario, Janine Rivera & Jenie Rose Tobias
Presenter: Jeannine L. Tan, Development Academy of the Philippines
Philippines
Abstract:
The IPRA of 1997 recognizes the right of IPs to self-determination. However, there are still incidences of infrastructure projects, logging and mining activities concerning the awareness of IPs in the usage of their ancestral domains and obtaining their consent.
The study aims to assess the implementation of the universal principle of FPIC by the NCIP. The effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the implementation will be measured in accordance with the 2012 FPIC guidelines. A qualitative descriptive approach shall be used (i.e., focus group discussions (FGDs), interviews, and field observation) to gather data to determine the impacts of FPIC to the IPs.
The following shall be determined in this study: definition of consent by the IPs of Barangays Lettac Sur and Mangaan in Santol, La Union, how the FPIC principle is being integrated in the 2012 FPIC Guidelines, and whether or not the NCIP is an effective agency in implementing the 2012 FPIC Guidelines.
This study shall further tackle the characterization of the definition of “consent” (or the local term, “pammalubos”) under the following categories of the participation of actors, consensus-building, and in giving assurance to the IPs by the respective project proponent, in this case, the COHECO.
List of Abbreviations:
Abbreviation Meaning/ Interpretation
COHECO Cordillera Hydro Electric Power Corporation
FPIC Free Prior and Informed Consent
IPs Indigenous Peoples
IPRA Indigenous Peoples Rights Act
NCIP National Commission on Indigenous Peoples
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Cohesion and decisiveness in government reform: Redrawing local boundaries in the Philippines, 1987-2015
Authors: Michael A. Tumanut
Presenter: Michael A. Tumanut, University of the Philippines Diliman
Philippines
Abstract:
Local governments are political constructs. They configure power structures, control taxes and determine type of services within their local territories. The literature on the pervasiveness of territorial redrawing in relation to others is scant. From an institutional perspective, local territorial reform, or concurrence of all veto players, is a proximate function of the number of veto players, cohesion, and congruence of preferences. This paper examines how cohesion affects the number of effective veto players, which in turn determines the rate of territorial reform. Using cases of subnational territorial reform (i.e., amalgamation and division) in the Philippines, Japan and Indonesia, incidence of territorial reform and rate of reform are both illustrative of the influence of the effective number of VPs on degree of reform. There are also differences on reform pattern or outcomes within each country, due to varying reform rules spatially or temporally. Moreover, in explaining success or failure of attempt to redraw territories, several conditions are found: presence of institutional disequilibrium, player stability, institutional stability, and political stability. Disequilibrium at the locality and instability/stability of rules are both evident in all three countries.
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Peaceful Election Process in Benguet Province: An Assessment
Authors: Julie Binaldo Velasco
Presenter: Julie Binaldo Velasco, Benguet State University
Philippines
Abstract:
This study endeavors to assess the factors that contribute peaceful election in the province of Benguet. Specifically, the extent of awareness and support of the respondents on the factors that contribute in the peaceful election of Benguet and the extent of seriousness of the possible factors that could affect peaceful election in Benguet province. The study made use of descriptive survey. Interviews and data mining were also done to supplement the data gathered.
The study reveals that respondents are aware and support the factors that contribute on the peaceful election in the province of Benguet which were validated by some respondents who were interviewed. The study shows that factors that could affect the peaceful election in the province of Benguet are serious.
The study recommends that the extent of awareness and support of the respondents on the factors contributing to the peaceful election in the province of Benguet should be leveled up. The academic institutions can be partners on this program as the proper actor in information dissemination. The issues and concerns should be taken into action as well to sustain the peaceful election in the province.
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Is there Inclusiveness in the Philippine Income Tax System?
Authors: Corinna Frances O. Cabanilla
Presenter: Corinna Frances O. Cabanilla, National College of Public Administration and Governance, University of the Philippines
Philippines
Abstract:
Taxation remains an important component of development policy. It not only serves to finance the delivery of public services but likewise generates social stability and equity. However, taxes have distributional and incentive effects which explain its impact on social equality. With this, careful formulation and design of tax policies are called for to minimize social inequity and disincentives against the integrity of tax collection. However, the development of Philippine taxation is a product of indigenous and foreign-based impositions. While “buiz” (local term for tax) has been practiced during pre-colonization, Filipinos received a repressive taxation system in the advent of colonization. Enforced by means of coercion, this colonial tax system became the model of modern-day Philippine taxation policies. It is within this context that the study examines the development and innovations introduced in the Philippine income taxation system as it attempts to uphold social equality and inclusiveness despite its historical experience of colonial oppression. The study likewise explores the legacy of an oppressive Philippine taxation system and its implications on Filipino tax culture as it responds to the innovations introduced by the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) for purposes of encouraging cooperation and higher rate of tax compliance.
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Development of Financial Reporting and Valuation Standards on Social Benefits: Ramifications for Inclusiveness Grounded on New Public Governance
Authors: Jephte Olimpo Muñez
Presenter: Jephte Olimpo Muñez, San Beda College
Philippines
Abstract:
Financial reporting and valuation reforms in the public sector begin with standard setting on specific transactions which are holistically reflective of multi-dimensional perspectives. These standards are crafted, tested, amended, expanded and harmonized depending on the intended command-control mechanism of regulating accounting information. These standards are developed to ensure the quality of financial reporting, proper valuation of accounts and reliability of financial reports for decisions related to resource management and allocation. With the one fund policy, whether through internally generated revenue or grants or aid from international organizations, a principle-based financial reporting and valuation standard on social benefits is warranted. The study will critically analyze the proposed draft of the International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) on the Recognition and Measurement of Social Benefits and establish the theoretical link of the principles of regulation, new public governance (Osborne), PPSASB accounting standards and IVSC valuation standards . Based on the conditional cash transfer program as well as other social development programs of the Philippine government, a quantitative financial analysis as well as process tracing will be done to better understand the impact of financial reporting and valuation of social benefits and administrative ramifications to inclusivity.
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Citizen e-Participation in Public Policy Making through e-Government: A Comparative Study of Japan and Singapore
Authors: Siau Min Yang
Presenter: Siau Min Yang, The Japan Council of Local Authorities for International Relations (CLAIR), Singapore Representative Office
Singapore
Abstract:
Most of the existing literatures on e-Government are characterized by a government-centric approach, whereby more emphasis are placed on the architecture of the e-Government infrastructure, as well as the cost effectiveness of streamlined transaction-based electronic processes devised for public service delivery. In this respect, there has been very little research on the concept of e-Government from a citizen-centric perspective, in other words how e-Governance should play a role in promoting direct citizen participation, especially in the formulation of public policies as well as national programs. This paper aims to examine the factors that are preponderant in promoting citizen e-Participation in policy making, and at the same time explore how e-governance should function in involving citizens to actively participate in public administration by way of voicing their feedbacks as well as recommendations on a certain national policy or program through the e-government infrastructure, so that the government could implement policies and programs that are people-centric and truly reflect the citizens’ needs. Through the comparative study of Japan and Singapore, which are two successful role models of e-Government as well as citizen e-Participation, the first part of this paper attempts to derive the factors contributing to citizen e-Participation based on 5 parameters, namely (1) e-Government Index, (2) Online Service Index, (3) Human Capital Index, (4) Telecommunication Infrastructure Index, and (5) e-Participation Index. The second part of this paper will examine the leading examples of effective e-Government infrastructures that promote direct citizen e-Participation in national policy making through the case studies of Japan and Singapore.
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Authors: Vincent Wong
Presenter: Vincent Wong, Hong Kong Public Administration Association
Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
Abstract:
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the significance of Communication, Collaboration and Coordination (3C) in public administration in the case study of Free Quality Kindergarten Education (FQKE) in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). With effect from the 2017/18 school year, kindergartens (KG) fulfilling designated criteria could join the Free Quality KG Education Scheme (FQKGES) to provide free kindergarten education to the public.
In this paper, the genealogy and the policy background of FQKGES would be discussed. In addition, the strategies of Communication, Collaboration and Coordination (3C) in the policy formulation process under the Committee on Free Kindergarten Education (CFKE) would be highlighted. With the illustration of 3C model, implications for policy makers would be studied. First, communication strategies bring in community involvement of relevant stakeholders. Second, collaboration strategies lead to common interests and common goals. Third, coordination strategies enable consolidated alignment in policy implementation. In summary, the paper would also shed light on the impacts of 3C in the process of public administration and governance.
Keywords: Policy, Kindergarten, Government, Education, Hong Kong
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Public Space Development for Better Public Service (Study On The Effectiveness Of The Use Of Public Spaces In Palembang City, Indonesia And Hanoi City, Vietnam, In Terms Of Sociological Perspective)
Authors: Andy Al Fatih, Dyah Hapsari, Ngo Thanh Can & Diana Dewi Sartika
Presenter: Andy Al Fatih, Dyah Hapsari, Ngo Thanh Can & Diana Dewi Sartika, Sriwijaya University
Indonesia
Abstract:
In urban area, the availability of public spaces is very important. Urban life implies rushing, messy, high tension and full of competition. In order to lower down the life tension and away from the bustle and the noise of urban, public spaces can help serving as media of relaxation, social interaction and social gathering. Besides that, public spaces are able to function as places for meeting point with friends, exercise, and others. Public spaces can be in various forms, such as, green open space or plaza which paved way and parking lot, lakes, side walks that can functioned publicly almost any time. Unfortunately, the use of public spaces, very often, is not accordance with the policy of local government. Even, sometimes the physical condition of public spaces is not feasible and improper use. Some public spaces are used for something else rather than they should be. In terms of the existence of public spaces, one aspect which is interesting to research on is the use of public spaces. For example, public spaces function as market for street vendors, as dating places especially for young people, and for crime and other misuse. This paper discusses about research on Kambang Iwak Besak Park, Palembang and Hoan Kiem Lake, Hanoi. The main focuses of this paper are: firstly, to talk about whether the use of Kambang Iwak Besak Park, Palembang and Hoan Kiem Lake, Hanoi is effective or not. Secondly, to get the description on public policy about public spaces in Palembang and Hanoi cities. Finally, it will gives some recommendations about policy design on public spaces, especially of Kambang Iwak Besak Park, Palembang and Hoan Kiem Lake, Hanoi and the use in urban area.
Key words: availability of public spaces, lower down, life tension, Urban life, the bustle and the noise of urban, effective use, public policy, function.
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Innovation Breakthroughs in Public Service (Study on Licence Service in Integrated License Office of Palembang Municipality, Indonesia)
Authors: Slamet Widodo
Presenter: Slamet Widodo, Sriwijaya University
Indonesia
Abstract:
One of the characteristics of developing countries, like Indonesia, is low quality of public service. One of the examples of the service is delivering building licence. Getting building licence from Palembang local government, in the case, from Integrated License Office, is just like a turbelent endeavor. It is very frustrating. The process is confusing. Although, in written, the requisites have been clear, but in practice, they have become blurd. Some officers in that office improvisize themselves for their personal gains. They presume the persons who need a building licence because they are going to make a building. As such, they must have much fund. So, the officers are tempted to enjoy some of the money. For that, they play in the process of acquiring the building licence. Unless do the applicants give them some money, the obtaining the building licence is hardly successful. In accordance with this situation, there must be innovation breakthroughs in public service delivery, particularly in building licence service. If there is no innovation breakthroughs, the people will be harmed. Investors hesitate to do investment, primarily foreign investors. This leads Palembang local government be a loser. This paper tries to explore the basic causes of unaccountability of the officers in Integrated License Office of in Palembang city, do analysis, and propose some recommendations for innovation breakthroughs for good quality service.
Key words: low, quality, public service, naughty officers, innovation breakthroughs, unaccountability
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Does Creative Behavior of Employees Have Significant Impacts on their Work Attitudes in Public Organization?: Integrating the Role of Public Service Motivation
Authors: Hyun Gyu Oh & Sung Min Park
Presenter: Hyun Gyu Oh, Sungkyunkwan University
Korea
Abstract:
The essential core factors to respond to the expectations of the customers in the fast-changing environment are creative thinking and behavior of the organizational members. Creative behavior has been the core driving force necessary for a variety of organizations to develop and survive. Is individual creative behavior applied equally to the mechanisms of a public organization aiming to realize the public values and attain public benefit? What does an individual's creative behavior truly mean in a public organization? Based on those questions, this study empirically analyzed influences of Korea public officials' creative behavior on their work attitudes. Specifically, this study focused on the special synergy effect depending on individuals' motivational structure by identifying how the mutually influencing relationship changes depending on public service motivation. Based on the findings of the analysis, this study aimed to provide a variety of implications on human resources management and organizational management in the perspectives of public values.
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Leading by Network: The CSC and the Deepening Role of Non-State Actors in Pushing Civil Service Reforms
Authors: Noel V. Salumbides
Presenter: Noel V. Salumbides, Civil Service Commission
Philippines
Abstract:
Since its inception, the Philippines’ Civil Service Commission (CSC) has always been regarded as the central and sole provider of sound and effective human resource management in the public sector. As one of Asia’s earliest beneficiaries of the Pendleton Act and as a surrogate child of US-sponsored civil service reforms, the CSC is mandated to promote careerism and professionalism through the adoption of multiple strategic initiatives and programs. For the last five (5) years, there has been a remarkable shift being observed in terms of repositioning of CSC as the traditional gatekeeper and regulatory agent in the development of HR practices within the bureaucracy. This shift offers a new perspective that challenges the dominant role of CSC as the single shaper of modern civil service in the country as new players coming from various sectors have started to mingle at different levels of participation and involvement – all in the name of reforming the bureaucracy and the public servants. The idea that the CSC can incorporate and transfer the perceived superiority of HR values, practices, flexibility and entrepreneurial dynamism of the private sector in reforming the public sector is slowly taking place. And this emerging shift points to the creeping intrusion of non-state actors within the CSC that prove to be bringing vital contribution in the over-all restructuring of the Commission as the chief HR entity of the whole bureaucracy. With the presence of these multi non-state actors and “supranational” institutions from the international organizations, the private sector, the academe and the civil society organizations that are actively intruding in the different affairs of the CSC, the traditional landscape of civil service reforms (CSR) is now reshaped and redefined. The old landscape is now slowly being transformed into a new arena of collaboration and partnership, suggesting a trend that the CSR which has been a monopoly of concerns for CSC, a new lens is being created that illustrates the deepening role of non-state actors in the “governance by network” being steered creatively by the CSC in the present CSR agenda.
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Action Research on Impact of Monitoring School Bullying Incidents of the School Guidance Advocates
Authors: Xeniah Caryl Dando & Sweet Mary C. Gamad
Presenter: Xeniah Caryl Dando, Department of Education
Philippines
Abstract:
The study seeks to support to DepED Child Protection Policy as School Anecdotal Record Bullying Monitoring Report Form was asked from School Guidance Advocates. The reference point is the Class Anecdotal Record, the Incidental Report was not elevated to the filling up of the Intake Sheet for it was resolved by the Teacher and a Remarks of No records of Bullying Incidents recorded/reported in the Intake Sheet is reported for the Enclosure 1A of DM 59, s. 2015 and Annex A of DO 40, s. 2012. It recorded 345 incidents of school bullying represented by not more than nine (9) schools of the two monitoring rounds observed. This study seeks to provide data background on the premise of the best possible intervention for the current situation. Qualitative Research is the method of inquiry. Convenience Sampling and Authentic Assessment Techniques was used in the data analysis from the data facts reported in the School Anecdotal Records Bullying Monitoring Report Form. It relied on submitted report of schools only. It showed that Guidance Policies needs to be strengthened as well as Guidance Supervisory Plan. Reorientation in the Procedures in handling bullying incidents is necessary. Positive Discipline for Classroom Management has a seat.
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Social Media and Active Citizenship: Engaging Government through Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube
Authors: Sheila Lo Dingcong
Presenter: Sheila Lo Dingcong, UP NCPAG
Philippines
Abstract:
Active citizenship is the vibrant and dynamic participation and involvement of the members of a polity to the affairs of the state. In the Philippines, the need for a robust civil society engagement in government affairs is imperative to sustain the gains of the struggles of the past and to further create a critical mass to push for these liberties and rights as empowering attributes to achieve decent human life. Opportunities for these engagements should not be limited to formal channels of the bureaucracy but in multiple and informal lines and network of communicating, challenging, and even defying government. With the advent of the ICT, the internet, and the rise of social media, a venue for the people to engage the state in political and social affairs has emerged. Knowledge and information transfer has now developed into multiple and circular ways of communication, sending instantaneous feedback, sentiments, and counter proposals to the government, community, the nation, and even the virtual world. Despite this, however, the question remains on how this opportunity has been effective from the people’s end. This paper presents how the use of social media heightens people’s participation in governance and public affairs.
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Strategic Local Governance in Today’s Knowledge Economy: Case of Iloilo City
Authors: Mary Ann T. Gumban, Jose Neil M. Hortillo & Mary Rose G. Rebueno
Presenter: Mary Ann T. Gumban, University of the Philippines Visayas
Philippines
Abstract:
Iloilo City has always been known as the regional center of education in Western Visayas. The pool of highly skilled knowledge workers has served as an engine of growth to expand the local economy and has attracted various international IT/BPO businesses to expand and establish offices in the city in recent years. The lack of available office space, paired with a dynamic local government and a high purchasing power of local residents have spurred the boom in the construction industry led by big named property developers establishing several township projects. These township projects include convention center, malls, hotels, condominiums, and IT/BPO offices. Once these projects are completed, employment opportunities will dramatically increase, particularly in the BPO/IT and Tourism industries.
This paper discusses how the various stakeholders – the local government, the academe and business organizations have worked together to further enhance the human capital formation in the city. This close collaboration also ensures that infrastructures are in place to attract investors and prepare local graduates and entrepreneurs to be globally competitive. Result and findings in this study served as vital inputs in creating a strategic policy agenda in developing a sustainable model for local governance, which can be emulated by other cities in the country.
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Enhancing Financial Capabilities Among Public Servants
Authors: Jose Neil M. Hortillo
Presenter: Jose Neil M. Hortillo, University of the Philippines Visayas
Philippines
Abstract:
It is often argued that poor performance of public servants and in some cases the systemic corruption in government offices can be due to the much lower salary pay among public servants compared to their counterparts in the private sector. In most cases, these issues are addressed through an incentive mechanism - such as periodic increases in salary through the salary standardization law (SSL) and performance based bonus, which are matched with a system of monitoring that allows for transparency and accountability of work. But in reality, most governments do not have enough resources to ensure regular increases on the pay of public servants and much less monetary incentives to motivate them to be productive, efficient and effective. This study examines a complementary solution to these issues – enhancing the financial capabilities of public servants.
Financial capability refers to a person’s knowledge and skills to understand his own financial circumstances, along with the motivation to take action. This would allow public servants to value the importance of leading a simple lifestyle, and to distinguish the difference between his wants and his needs. It also promotes the sense of financial security through the knowledge of savings, investments, and retirement planning, and develops the motivation to deliver quality public service.
Keywords: Financial Capabilities, Public Servants, Investments, Savings, SSL, Monetary Incentives
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Legal Bases and Issues Concerning Gender Development in the Philippines
Authors: Jessie D. Manapsal
Presenter: Jessie D. Manapsal, Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University
Philippines
Abstract:
The cry and fight for equality among humans can be seen even during the time immemorial. The sex clash between the male and female remain the problem of the society wherein the female class regarded as the weak genus compared to the male specie. The female are left to take care the menial household duties wherein it is for the taking care of the children, the husband and the family as a whole. The duties of the female class may not be disregarded because they perform one of the most important parts of molding the society for the better future as Agoncillo, 1990, “Women before the coming of the Spaniards enjoyed a unique position in society that their descendants during the Spanish occupation did not enjoy. Customary laws gave them the right to be the equal of men, for they could own and inherit property, engage in trade and industry, and succeed to the chieftainship of a barangay in the absence of a male heir. Then, too, they have the exclusive right to give names to their children. As a sign of deep respect, the men, when accompanying women, walked behind them”. The objective of this paper is to revisit and be reminded about the roles of the women in the society and how it may even further encourage professional treatment in the workplace and in the society, specifically it will look into: 1.What is the meaning of gender and development? 2. What are the legal bases that supports the program of the government for gender and development programs? 3. How may the government protect the rights of women?
The study will present the legal bases through the available data primarily government documents. The scope of the research concentrates to the rights and interest of women to compare and analyze through laws, records, and media interviews.
Keywords: Gender, Gender equality, Human rights, Protective custody, Barangay Protection Order, Temporary Protection Order, Permanent Protection Order, Economic Abuse
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Local Economic Enterprises in Davao City at Its Best
Authors: Saidamin P. Bagolong, Rosendo A. Blanco, Romalie F. Galleto & Ranie F. Dinanlagan
Presenter: Saidamin P. Bagolong, Cotabato City State Polytechnic College
Philippines
Abstract:
Best practices of and among the successful local economic enterprises are less seen as a vital component in the local development. Whereas the role of local economic enterprises in providing additional revenue to the local government is rather well-recognized, its best practices that contribute to the development of the city's economic activity is not so much explored. This study tries to evaluate the best practices of the local economic enterprises in Davao City and its contribution to the development of city's economy. It employed qualitative phenomenological research utilizing a self-made questionnaire, using purposive sampling and manual NVIVO. Findings showed that the best practices of Davao City's Local Economic Enterprise lie on an interlinked connection between the public (the vendors, stall holders and among others) and the agencies involved in the enterprise. These best practices on local economic enterprises are manifested as a city's economic cycle; meaning, while the government collects revenues from the public, the public receives from the government something in a form of social services. These local economic enterprises promote freedom of enterprise, alleviate poverty, generate income, serve as a tool for local development and promote tourism. Thus, the Local Economic Enterprises can be used by some localities in providing services to the people while at the same time earning something from it.
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Conflict Related Violent Incidents in Western Visayas: Private Sector Focused (01 January 2009 - 31 December 2014)
Authors: Eva Joy C. Palma
Presenter: Eva Joy C. Palma, Northern Iloilo Polytechnic State College- Barotac Viejo Campus
Philippines
Abstract:
This is a study undertaken as a graduate of Public Administration and in supporting the government’s effort to peace and development. The purpose of this study is to provide a latest and up-to-date data to public administrators in order that relevant interventions may be formulated in support of peace and development. This is also to provide a meaningful data to private sectors especially business corporations regarding conflict related violence within Western Visayas for them to assess the threat in specific areas for the bases of their operations. Furthermore, this aims to compile a single material that features the situation of conflict related violence in Western Visayas for the use of academe, teachers, students and any interested individual.
The result of the study indicated that from 01 January 2009- 31 December 2014, there were a total of thirty (30) reported conflict related violent incidents in Western Visayas. The study finds out that burning/arson is the primary form of violent incidents perpetrated by threat groups in Western Visayas. Other forms of violence are raid, straffing, harrassment, robberry and bombing. The highest number of incidents was in Negros Occidental which accounts to 73% or 22 of the total conflict related violent incidents and the remaining 27% or 8 transpired in Panay Island. In the 22 incidents which transpired in Negros Occidental, 14 of which were in a form of burning/arson while the remaining are in a form of raid, harrassment, robberry, bombing and straffing. On the other hand, 90% of those that transpired in Panay Island are in a form of burning/arson.
The parties greatly affected by the violent incidents are business corporations and haciendas/farms with 50% and 33% of the total number, respectively. The remaining percentage affects the communication facilities and mining facilities. Of the incidents against business corporations, a little more than 50% transpired in Negros occidental and the remaining were in the provinces of Iloilo, Capiz and Antique in Panay. Almost 90% of incidents against haciends/farms transpired in Negros Occidental. Aklan and Antique has no reported incidents.
As to year of occurrence, there is no significant pattern because violent incidents tend to rise and fall every year but it is notable that the first quarter of each year is the period where most of the violent incidents transpired. The second quarter seem to have lower number of incidents.
Further, studies are encourage to assess the effect of the conflict related violent incidents on peace and development in Western Visayas in order to accurately target future interventions that will foster peace and economic development in the area.
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Assessment of the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples' (NCIP) Implementation of the Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) Principle in the Bag-o and Kankanaey Communities in Santol, La Union
Authors: Jeannine L. Tan, Camille Austria, Camille Lea Alyssa Bugayong, Dayanara Fernandez, Peter Renzo Olegario, Janine Rivera & Jenie Rose Tobias
Presenter: Jeannine L. Tan, Development Academy of the Philippines
Philippines
Abstract:
The IPRA of 1997 recognizes the right of IPs to self-determination. However, there are still incidences of infrastructure projects, logging and mining activities concerning the awareness of IPs in the usage of their ancestral domains and obtaining their consent.
The study aims to assess the implementation of the universal principle of FPIC by the NCIP. The effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the implementation will be measured in accordance with the 2012 FPIC guidelines. A qualitative descriptive approach shall be used (i.e., focus group discussions (FGDs), interviews, and field observation) to gather data to determine the impacts of FPIC to the IPs.
The following shall be determined in this study: definition of consent by the IPs of Barangays Lettac Sur and Mangaan in Santol, La Union, how the FPIC principle is being integrated in the 2012 FPIC Guidelines, and whether or not the NCIP is an effective agency in implementing the 2012 FPIC Guidelines.
This study shall further tackle the characterization of the definition of “consent” (or the local term, “pammalubos”) under the following categories of the participation of actors, consensus-building, and in giving assurance to the IPs by the respective project proponent, in this case, the COHECO.
List of Abbreviations:
Abbreviation Meaning/ Interpretation
COHECO Cordillera Hydro Electric Power Corporation
FPIC Free Prior and Informed Consent
IPs Indigenous Peoples
IPRA Indigenous Peoples Rights Act
NCIP National Commission on Indigenous Peoples
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Cohesion and decisiveness in government reform: Redrawing local boundaries in the Philippines, 1987-2015
Authors: Michael A. Tumanut
Presenter: Michael A. Tumanut, University of the Philippines Diliman
Philippines
Abstract:
Local governments are political constructs. They configure power structures, control taxes and determine type of services within their local territories. The literature on the pervasiveness of territorial redrawing in relation to others is scant. From an institutional perspective, local territorial reform, or concurrence of all veto players, is a proximate function of the number of veto players, cohesion, and congruence of preferences. This paper examines how cohesion affects the number of effective veto players, which in turn determines the rate of territorial reform. Using cases of subnational territorial reform (i.e., amalgamation and division) in the Philippines, Japan and Indonesia, incidence of territorial reform and rate of reform are both illustrative of the influence of the effective number of VPs on degree of reform. There are also differences on reform pattern or outcomes within each country, due to varying reform rules spatially or temporally. Moreover, in explaining success or failure of attempt to redraw territories, several conditions are found: presence of institutional disequilibrium, player stability, institutional stability, and political stability. Disequilibrium at the locality and instability/stability of rules are both evident in all three countries.
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Peaceful Election Process in Benguet Province: An Assessment
Authors: Julie Binaldo Velasco
Presenter: Julie Binaldo Velasco, Benguet State University
Philippines
Abstract:
This study endeavors to assess the factors that contribute peaceful election in the province of Benguet. Specifically, the extent of awareness and support of the respondents on the factors that contribute in the peaceful election of Benguet and the extent of seriousness of the possible factors that could affect peaceful election in Benguet province. The study made use of descriptive survey. Interviews and data mining were also done to supplement the data gathered.
The study reveals that respondents are aware and support the factors that contribute on the peaceful election in the province of Benguet which were validated by some respondents who were interviewed. The study shows that factors that could affect the peaceful election in the province of Benguet are serious.
The study recommends that the extent of awareness and support of the respondents on the factors contributing to the peaceful election in the province of Benguet should be leveled up. The academic institutions can be partners on this program as the proper actor in information dissemination. The issues and concerns should be taken into action as well to sustain the peaceful election in the province.
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Is there Inclusiveness in the Philippine Income Tax System?
Authors: Corinna Frances O. Cabanilla
Presenter: Corinna Frances O. Cabanilla, National College of Public Administration and Governance, University of the Philippines
Philippines
Abstract:
Taxation remains an important component of development policy. It not only serves to finance the delivery of public services but likewise generates social stability and equity. However, taxes have distributional and incentive effects which explain its impact on social equality. With this, careful formulation and design of tax policies are called for to minimize social inequity and disincentives against the integrity of tax collection. However, the development of Philippine taxation is a product of indigenous and foreign-based impositions. While “buiz” (local term for tax) has been practiced during pre-colonization, Filipinos received a repressive taxation system in the advent of colonization. Enforced by means of coercion, this colonial tax system became the model of modern-day Philippine taxation policies. It is within this context that the study examines the development and innovations introduced in the Philippine income taxation system as it attempts to uphold social equality and inclusiveness despite its historical experience of colonial oppression. The study likewise explores the legacy of an oppressive Philippine taxation system and its implications on Filipino tax culture as it responds to the innovations introduced by the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) for purposes of encouraging cooperation and higher rate of tax compliance.
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Development of Financial Reporting and Valuation Standards on Social Benefits: Ramifications for Inclusiveness Grounded on New Public Governance
Authors: Jephte Olimpo Muñez
Presenter: Jephte Olimpo Muñez, San Beda College
Philippines
Abstract:
Financial reporting and valuation reforms in the public sector begin with standard setting on specific transactions which are holistically reflective of multi-dimensional perspectives. These standards are crafted, tested, amended, expanded and harmonized depending on the intended command-control mechanism of regulating accounting information. These standards are developed to ensure the quality of financial reporting, proper valuation of accounts and reliability of financial reports for decisions related to resource management and allocation. With the one fund policy, whether through internally generated revenue or grants or aid from international organizations, a principle-based financial reporting and valuation standard on social benefits is warranted. The study will critically analyze the proposed draft of the International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) on the Recognition and Measurement of Social Benefits and establish the theoretical link of the principles of regulation, new public governance (Osborne), PPSASB accounting standards and IVSC valuation standards . Based on the conditional cash transfer program as well as other social development programs of the Philippine government, a quantitative financial analysis as well as process tracing will be done to better understand the impact of financial reporting and valuation of social benefits and administrative ramifications to inclusivity.
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Citizen e-Participation in Public Policy Making through e-Government: A Comparative Study of Japan and Singapore
Authors: Siau Min Yang
Presenter: Siau Min Yang, The Japan Council of Local Authorities for International Relations (CLAIR), Singapore Representative Office
Singapore
Abstract:
Most of the existing literatures on e-Government are characterized by a government-centric approach, whereby more emphasis are placed on the architecture of the e-Government infrastructure, as well as the cost effectiveness of streamlined transaction-based electronic processes devised for public service delivery. In this respect, there has been very little research on the concept of e-Government from a citizen-centric perspective, in other words how e-Governance should play a role in promoting direct citizen participation, especially in the formulation of public policies as well as national programs. This paper aims to examine the factors that are preponderant in promoting citizen e-Participation in policy making, and at the same time explore how e-governance should function in involving citizens to actively participate in public administration by way of voicing their feedbacks as well as recommendations on a certain national policy or program through the e-government infrastructure, so that the government could implement policies and programs that are people-centric and truly reflect the citizens’ needs. Through the comparative study of Japan and Singapore, which are two successful role models of e-Government as well as citizen e-Participation, the first part of this paper attempts to derive the factors contributing to citizen e-Participation based on 5 parameters, namely (1) e-Government Index, (2) Online Service Index, (3) Human Capital Index, (4) Telecommunication Infrastructure Index, and (5) e-Participation Index. The second part of this paper will examine the leading examples of effective e-Government infrastructures that promote direct citizen e-Participation in national policy making through the case studies of Japan and Singapore.
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